Clinical Trial: Procalcitonin in Fever of Unknown Etiology
Study Status: Terminated
Recruit Status: Terminated
Study Type: Interventional
Official Title: Procalcitonin Guided Antimicrobial Discontinuation in Hospitalised Patients With Fever of Unknown Etiology
Brief Summary:
The purpose of this study is to determine whether new blood test (procalcitonin) can help to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics in patients with unexplained fever.
Although fever is most commonly caused by bacterial infection there are multiple other conditions that can cause fever. It can be caused by viral infection. It can also be caused by other non infectious disease. Patients with malignancy, inflammation (such as gout or arthritis), or clots in veins can present with fever. Occasionally medications themselves can cause fever. If fever is not caused by infection antibiotics will not help. Instead they may cause side effects such as diarrhea and allergic reactions. We want to determine whether simple blood test (procalcitonin) can help us to make a difference between fever caused by infection and fever caused by others (above mentioned) non-infectious problems. We also want to determine whether such test would help us to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and help us to find faster the real cause of the fever.
A total of 90 patients with the unexplained fever will be participating in this study. This study will involve single, additional blood test, performed only if patient continue to have fever despite a few days of investigations and therapy with antibiotics.
Patients will be assigned by drawing to one of two groups. In the first group blood test (procalcitonin) will help a doctor to decide whether to stop or continue antibiotics. If procalcitonin level is high antibiotics will be continued and the doctor will most probably order additional tests to determine the source of infection. If procalcitonin level is low serious bacterial infection is unlikely. The antibiotics will be stopped and a doctor will try to look for other cause of fever.
Antimicrobial resistance has increasingly become a threat to patient safety in health care settings.1 Several studies have identified the inappropriate use of antimicrobials as important risk factor for antimicrobial resistance and the important area of opportunity for increasing patient safety and improving patient outcomes.2 High rates of antimicrobial use have been linked to high rates of antimicrobial resistance,3 and increased exposure to antimicrobials has been associated with an increased probability of colonization with resistant pathogens. It has also been shown that antimicrobial control results in significant cost savings4 and it may reduce antimicrobial resistance Surveys reveal that 25 - 33% of hospitalized patients receive antibiotics6 and that 22 - 65% of antibiotic use in hospitalized patients is inappropriate.7
Reasons for inappropriate antimicrobial therapy include:
- treating anybody with fever (even when it is not caused by infection) with broad spectrum antibiotics
- treating colonization or contamination (rather than real infection)
- continuing antibiotics even when infection was cured or is unlikely8
It is quite clear that clinicians need reliable marker for bacterial infections that would allow an early diagnosis, inform about the course and prognosis of the disease and facilitate therapeutic decisions.9 Procalcitonin covers these features better as compared to other, more commonly used biomarkers (such as CRP).10 It has been shown recently that procalcitonin guidance substantially reduces antibiotic use in community-acquired pneumonia without compromising patients' safety. 11, 12 However, the efficacy and safety of PGAD in hospitalized patients wi
Sponsor: Changi General Hospital
Current Primary Outcome:
- Exposure to systemic antimicrobial treatment:
- duration of antibiotic treatment (in days).
- total antibiotic exposure (in defined daily doses).
Original Primary Outcome: Same as current
Current Secondary Outcome:
- 28-day case-fatality rate (in %)
- Length of hospital stay (in days)
- Costs of antimicrobial therapy (in SGD)
- Rate of nosocomial super-infection (in N super-infections per 100 patients)
- Isolation of multi-resistant microorganisms (in clinical isolates per 100 patient-days)
Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current
Information By: Changi General Hospital
Dates:
Date Received: November 13, 2006
Date Started: January 2007
Date Completion:
Last Updated: November 19, 2007
Last Verified: November 2007
