Clinical Trial: Comparison of Two Different Doses of Rabbit ATG-Fresenius With Cyclosporin in the Treatment of Acquired Aplastic Anaemia

Study Status: Recruiting
Recruit Status: Recruiting
Study Type: Interventional

Official Title: Protocol for Comparison of Two Different Regimens of Rabbit ATG-Fresenius With Cyclosporin in the Treatment of Acquired Aplastic Anaemia

Brief Summary:

Acquired Aplastic anemia is one of the most frequent reason of bone marrow failure in East (Pakistan).

  • The first treatment option is Allogenic Bone Marrow transplantation which is an expansive treatment option and also require a full matched HLA identical donor, hence hardly 25% of our affected patients get opportunity for BMT.
  • The second line treatment option caters a large chunk of patients (severe and non-severe AA) along with those who lack HLA identical donor.

Previously many protocols had been used in past for ATG+CsA Treatment, this treatment protocol especially addresses the two different regimens of ATG to study its efficacy, durability and long-term effects. Following doses would be used:

  • CsA+ATG @ 10mg/kg for 3 days
  • CsA+ATG @ 10mg/kg for 5 days

Detailed Summary:

Aplastic Anaemia (AA) is characterized by pancytopenia with hypo-cellular bone marrow in the absence of dysplasia, infiltration or fibrosis. The recommended first-line treatment options include Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation with HLA matched sibling donor. However, due to non-availability HLA matched identical sibling donor or due to other co-morbids and age, second choice of treatment is Anti Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) and Cyclosporin (CsA).

Rabbit ATG (Fresenius) has never been tested for the treatment of aplastic anaemia in Pakistani population before. We propose this investigator initiated trial which will will compare two different protocols of Rabbit ATG-Fresenius, 10mg/kg for 3 days and 10mg/kg for 5 days along with CsA in Pakistani patients suffering from AA. The subjects will be Non-severe (NSAA) and severe AA (SAA) who are not the eligible candidate for Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation. Patients will be randomized into two equal arms with same biological characteristics. Both arms will be treated with ATG-Fresenius and CsA in same doses with two different duration of treatment. They will later continue with CsA for at least 12 months and if response achieved, will be tapered more slowly over next 6 months.

The primary end point is to document the number of doses required by each of the two dose schedule to produce a response, achieve a nadir absolute lymphocyte count of 200 cmm. Secondary endpoints are short term safety of ATG-Fresenius, change in absolute neutrophil count from the baseline in both arms, change in platelet count from the baseline, change in absolute reticulocyte count, Number of blood units required till 8 weeks and 26 weeks, Number of platelet doses required till 8 weeks and 26 weeks, relapse, response rates at 6 and 12 months, clonal evolution to PNH, myelodysplasia or acute leukaemia
Sponsor: National Institute of Blood Disease Center, Pakistan

Current Primary Outcome: absolute blood counts not meeting the criteria of Aplastic Anemia [ Time Frame: 6 months ]

Response is defined as blood counts no longer meeting the standard ("Camitta") criteria for severe pancytopenia in SAA, equivalent to 2 of the following values obtained on 2 serial blood count measurement at least one week apart at landmark time points (3, 6, and 12 months) .

-To document the number of doses required by each of the two dose schedule to produce a rise in neutrophils and platelet count to achieve a nadir absolute lymphocyte count of 200 cmm Absolute neutrophil count > 500/ microL Platelet count > 20,000/ microL Reticulocyte count > 60,000/ microL



Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

Current Secondary Outcome:

  • transfusion dependency after ATG treatment [ Time Frame: 2 years ]

    To document the short term safety of ATG-Fresenius at 8 weeks,12 weeks and then at 26 weeks in each arm

    • Number of blood units required till 8 weeks and 26 weeks
    • Number of platelet doses required till 8 weeks and 26 weeks
  • sustained improvement of blood counts post ATG [ Time Frame: 2years ]
    To document the the change in absolute neutrophil, reticulocyte counts and platelet count from the baseline in each arm at 8 weeks, 12 weeks and then at 26 weeks
  • short-term safety of ATG and clonal evolution [ Time Frame: 26 weeks ]
    to document the short term safety of ATG and development of any clonal evolution to PNH, myelodysplasia or acute leukaemia in patient
  • response rates of ATG treatment [ Time Frame: 2 years ]
    to document the response rates of treatment with ATG+ Cyclosporin in patients with non-severe and severe Aplastic anemia at 6,12 and 24 months


Original Secondary Outcome:

  • transfusion dependency after ATG treatment [ Time Frame: 2 years ]

    To document the short term safety of ATG-Fresenius at 8 weeks,12 weeks and then at 26 weeks in each arm

    • Number of blood units required till 8 weeks and 26 weeks
    • Number of platelet doses required till 8 weeks and 26 weeks
  • sustained improvement of blood counts post ATG [ Time Frame: 2years ]
    To document the the change in absolute neutrophil, reticulocyte counts and platelet count from the baseline in each arm at 8 weeks, 12 weeks and then at 26 weeks
  • short-term saftey of ATG and clonal evolution [ Time Frame: 26 weeks ]
    to document the short term safety of ATG and development of any clonal evolution to PNH, myelodysplasia or acute leukaemia in patient
  • response rates of ATG treatment [ Time Frame: 2 years ]
    to documenty the response rates of treatment with ATG+ Cyclosporin in patients with non-severe and severe Aplastic anemia at 6,12 and 24 months


Information By: National Institute of Blood Disease Center, Pakistan

Dates:
Date Received: January 2, 2014
Date Started: September 2013
Date Completion: December 2017
Last Updated: April 3, 2016
Last Verified: April 2016